The crankshaft is the most important part in the engine. It receives the force from the connecting rod and converts it into torque, which is output through the crankshaft and drives other accessories on the engine to work.

The crankshaft is subjected to the combined action of the centrifugal force of the rotating mass, the periodically changing gas inertial force and the reciprocating inertial force, so that the crankshaft is subjected to bending and torsional loads. Therefore, the crankshaft is required to have sufficient strength and stiffness, and the journal surface of the crankshaft needs to be wear-resistant, work evenly, and have good balance.

The crankshaft is the main rotating part of the engine. After the connecting rod is installed on the crankshaft, it can undertake the up and down (reciprocating) movement of the connecting rod and turn it into a cyclic (rotating) movement. The rotation of the crankshaft is the power source of the engine and the source power of the entire mechanical system.

The crankshaft is mainly made of carbon structural steel or ductile iron, and the crankshaft has two important parts: the main journal and the connecting rod journal. The main journal of the crankshaft is installed on the cylinder block, the connecting rod journal is connected with the big end hole of the connecting rod, and the small end hole of the connecting rod is connected with the cylinder piston, which is a typical crank-slider mechanism.

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